Unilateral renal sympathetic denervation may reduce blood pressure in patients with refractory hypertension

A 52-year-old Caucasian woman with essential resistant and refractory hypertension despite optimal medical therapy, including 6 different antihypertensive drugs was referred for the catheter-based renal denervation. Due to unfavourable anatomy because of non-critical fibromuscular dysplasia on the right renal artery, renal denervation of only the left renal artery was performed. Before and after the renal denervation, the patient's blood pressure was monitored by office measurements and ambulatory blood pressure measurements (ABPM). Before the procedure, the mean office blood pressure was 157/98 mmHg; at ABPM, the mean blood pressure values were 145/94 mmHg. At 6 months of follow-up, the mean office blood pressure was 134/90 mmHg and 121/76 mmHg at ABPM. In latest 12 months of follow-up, office and ABPM blood pressure were 125/80 and 127/80 mmHg respectively. This unique case suggests that unilateral renal denervation may be effective in lowering blood pressure in patients with refractory hypertension and unfavorable renal arteries anatomy.