Original Articles
16 June 2025
Early Access
https://doi.org/10.4081/itjm.2025.1961

Correlation of circulating diabetes markers with elevated serum antithyroglobulin antibodies in type 2 diabetes patients

Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Hyperthyroidism, diabetes mellitus, antithyroglobulin antibody, T2DM
13
Views
1
Downloads

Authors

Batool Ibrahim Aljasmmi
Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Awadh S Alsubhi
Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madina El Monawara, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman Algarni
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
Elryah I Ali
Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
Ammar Abdelmola
Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia.
Hussam Ali Osman
Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Liwa College, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
Abdelrahman Mohamed Ahmed Abukanna
Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, Northern Border University, Arar, Saudi Arabia.
Marwan Ismail
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5692-1632
Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Asaad Babker
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5022-5676
Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.
Salah Eldin Omar Hussein
dr.salaheldin@gmu.ac.ae
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1819-5948
Medical Laboratory Sciences Department, College of Health Sciences, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates.

A total of 250 males and females were recruited to participate in this cross-sectional and case-control study that aimed at measuring several biomarkers [fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), thyroid hormonal profile, and antithyroglobulin antibody (ATG)] in diabetic and non-diabetic patients and comparing circulating markers of diabetes mellitus with elevated serum ATG levels in type II diabetes patients who used various analyzers. The assays were performed on Roche COBAS C311, COBAS e 411/601, and Beckman Coulter (DXC 700 AU) analyzers. The mean and standard deviation were calculated, and the independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance were used for comparison. Linear regression was conducted to assess correlations. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. This study included 125 diabetic patients compared with 125 healthy males and females, with ages ranging from 20 to 81 years and a duration of diabetes mellitus between 4 to 15 years. The results demonstrated a significant difference in FBG, HbA1c, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and ATG levels between the diabetic patients and the healthy individuals, compared to age, gender, and duration of the disease. A moderate positive correlation was observed between FBG and HbA1c, as well as between FT3 and FT4; a negative correlation was found between FBG and HbA1c levels and TSH levels. A significant positive correlation between ATG and serum TSH levels observed in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus indicated a strong relationship between thyroid dysfunction and diabetes, compared to the age and duration of the disease.

Altmetrics

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Citations

Crossref
Scopus
Google Scholar
Europe PMC
Kalra S, Aggarwal S, Khandelwal D. Thyroid dysfunction and type 2 diabetes mellitus: screening strategies and implications for management. Diabetes Ther 2019;10:2035-44. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13300-019-00700-4
Mohammed Hussein S, AbdElmageed R. The relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and related thyroid diseases. Cureus 2021;13:e20697. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.20697
Libman IM, Sun K, Foley TP, Becker DJ. Thyroid autoimmunity in children with features of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Pediatr Diabetes 2008;9:266-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-5448.2008.00400.x
Shahbazian H, Behbahani AM, Mohtashami AZ. Prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid auto antibodies in type 2 diabetic patients. 2011
Mukhtar Y, Galalain A, Yunusa U. A modern overview on diabetes mellitus: a chronic endocrine disorder. EJB 2020;5:1-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47672/ejb.409
Rong F, Dai H, Wu Y, et al. Association between thyroid dysfunction and type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis of prospective observational studies. BMC Med 2021;19:257. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-021-02121-2
Beynon ME, Pinneri K. An overview of the thyroid gland and thyroid-related deaths for the forensic pathologist. Acad Forensic Pathol 2016;6:217-36. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23907/2016.024
van der Spek AH, Fliers E, Boelen A. The classic pathways of thyroid hormone metabolism. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017;458:29-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mce.2017.01.025
Soh SB, Aw TC. Laboratory testing in thyroid conditions - pitfalls and clinical utility. Ann Lab Med 2019;39:3-14. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3343/alm.2019.39.1.3
Koulouri O, Gurnell M. How to interpret thyroid function tests. Clin Med 2013;13:282-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7861/clinmedicine.13-3-282
Benvenga S, Vita R. Thyroid peroxidase. In: Encyclopedia of endocrine diseases (second edition). Cambridge, MA; Academic Press; 2018 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-801238-3.96031-8
Gaitonde DY, Rowley KD, Sweeney LB. Hypothyroidism: an update. Am Fam Physician 2012;86:244-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/20786204.2012.10874256
Uppal V, Vij C, Bedi GK, et al. Thyroid disorders in patients of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Indian J Clin Biochem 2013;28:336-41. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-012-0293-9
Wang C. The relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and related thyroid diseases. J Diabetes Res 2013;2013:390534. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/390534
Raghuwanshi PK, Rajput DPS, Ratre BK, et al. Evaluation of thyroid dysfunction among type 2 diabetic patients. Asian J Med Sci 2014;6:65-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i3.10814
Fatourechi V. Subclinical hypothyroidism: an update for primary care physicians. Mayo Clin Proc 2009;84:65-71. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4065/84.1.65
Doubleday AR, Sippel RS. Hyperthyroidism. Gland Surg 2020;9:124-35. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21037/gs.2019.11.01
Santos Palacios S, Pascual-Corrales E, Galofre JC. Management of subclinical hyperthyroidism. Int J Endocrinol Metab 2012;10:490-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5812/ijem.3447
Solá E, Morillas C, Garzón S, et al. Association between diabetic ketoacidosis and thyrotoxicosis. Acta Diabetol 2002;39:235-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s005920200040
Journy NMY, Bernier MO, Doody MM, et al. Hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, and cause-specific mortality in a large cohort of women. Thyroid 2017;27:1001-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/thy.2017.0063
Tang Y, Yan T, Wang G, et al. Correlation between insulin resistance and thyroid nodule in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Int J Endocrinol 2017;2017:1617458. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/1617458
Jun JE, Jin SM, Jee JHet al. TSH increment and the risk of incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in euthyroid subjects. Endocrine 2017;55:944-53. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-016-1221-1

How to Cite



Correlation of circulating diabetes markers with elevated serum antithyroglobulin antibodies in type 2 diabetes patients. (2025). Italian Journal of Medicine. https://doi.org/10.4081/itjm.2025.1961
Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s) Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.