Original Articles
30 December 2022
Vol. 16 No. 1 (2022)
https://doi.org/10.4081/itjm.2022.1543

Interplay between lymphocyte subpopulation, inflammatory cytokines and their correlation with oxidative stress parameters in COVID-19

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Oxidative stress, cytokines, COVID-19, T cell subsets, NK cells.
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Authors

Marija Petrusevska
marija.petrusevska@medf.ukim.edu.mk
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3785-1285
University of Ss Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Skopje, North Macedonia.
Dragica Zendelovska
University of Ss Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Skopje, North Macedonia.
Emilija Atanasovska
University of Ss Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Preclinical and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Skopje, North Macedonia.
Katerina Spasovska
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4614-9842
University Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Conditions, Skopje, North Macedonia.
Krsto Grozdanovski
University Clinic for Infectious Diseases and Febrile Conditions, Skopje, North Macedonia.
Simona Stojanovska
University Clinic of Hematology, Skopje, North Macedonia.
Irina Panovska-Stavridis
University Clinic of Hematology, Skopje, North Macedonia.
Aleksandar Eftimov
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4803-9564
University of Ss Cyril and Methodius, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathology, Skopje, North Macedonia.

Our objective was to investigate the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in patients with moderate and severe form of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In addition, we show the correlation between changes in lymphocyte subsets and markers of oxidative stress as a tool for patient classification. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and VEGF were analyzed by utilizing a High Sensitivity Evidence Investigator™ Biochip Array technology. The total antioxidant capacity (PAT) and the free radical concentrations (d-ROM) were measured in serum utilizing analytical photometric system FRAS5. Peripheral blood was used to determine CD45 + mononuclear, B, T, and NK cells using a multi-parameter flow cytometric immunophenotypic test. Statistically significant differences in IL-6 and VEGF levels were observed between the two patient groups. Decreased values of the absolute number of lymphocytes and their CD4 + and CD8 + positive T cells, NK cells, and CD8 were obtained. In the moderate group, good correlations were found between IL-6 and VEGF and NK cells (r=0.6973, P<0.05; for IL-6 and r=0.6498, P<0, for VEGF. 05). Cytokines were correlated with CD45+ (r=0.5610, P<0.05; for IL-6 and r=0.5462, P<0.05 for VEGF). The oxidative stress index can be used as a cheaper alternative and as a triage tool between severe and moderate illnesses, after showing good correlation with more expensive patient classification analysis.

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Interplay between lymphocyte subpopulation, inflammatory cytokines and their correlation with oxidative stress parameters in COVID-19. (2022). Italian Journal of Medicine, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/itjm.2022.1543
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