Original Articles
18 March 2025
Vol. 19 No. 1 (2025)
https://doi.org/10.4081/itjm.2025.1874

Effect of magnesium and potassium on rheumatoid arthritis factor and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized control trial

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Diabetes mellitus type 2, magnesium, potassium, rheumatoid arthritis, quality of life
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Authors

Hafiza Sonia Bibi
Department of Biology, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Uzma Rafi
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1063-1880
Department of Biology, Lahore Garrison University, Lahore, Pakistan.
Sidra Khalid
Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.
Riffat Mehboob
mehboob.riffat@gmail.com
Lahore Medical Research Center, Lahore, Pakistan.
Anbreen Bibi
University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.
Hani Sadaka Shalabi
Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed A. Zaher
Department of Clinical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Samy A. Abusikkien
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Rabigh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

The management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its related consequences, such as the prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) factor and overall quality of life, has drawn increased attention to the significance of micronutrients, particularly magnesium (Mg+2) and potassium (K+). The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of Mg+2 and/or K+ supplementation on the RA factor and quality of life in T2DM patients. This randomized controlled trial (single-blinded) was conducted at Lahore Garrison University and Lahore Medical Research Center. The sample size consisted of 80 diabetic patients. Four groups were formed based on the supplementation they received. Samples were taken before the use of Mg and K supplements and after 60 days of supplements taken. Quality of life assessments, including physical functioning, mental health, social functioning, and overall well-being, were measured in our study. Data were analyzed statistically by using GraphPad Prism 8.0.2. The study results show that group 2, which received Mg+2 supplements, had the highest mean pre-treatment RA factor value and showed a decrease in RA factor after the treatment. Our result showed that supplements of Mg+2 have an effective role in lowering the level of RA factor. In light of these results, future prospects for research could focus on investigating the mechanisms by which Mg+2 and K+ supplements impact glycated hemoglobin levels and RA factor to optimize treatment strategies for individuals with diabetes and RA.

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Effect of magnesium and potassium on rheumatoid arthritis factor and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized control trial. (2025). Italian Journal of Medicine, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/itjm.2025.1874
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