Original Articles
20 January 2025
Vol. 19 No. 1 (2025)
C-reactive protein as a diagnostic marker for ovarian carcinoma
Publisher's note
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
1076
Views
451
Downloads
27
HTML
Authors
Ovarian carcinoma is a leading cause of death in gynecological cancers, making early detection crucial for improving survival rates. C-reactive protein (CRP) has shown promise as a cost-effective biomarker to distinguish ovarian carcinoma from benign ovarian masses. Elevated CRP levels are associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer. This cross-sectional study included 87 patients: 59 with ovarian carcinoma and 28 with ovarian cysts. The aim was to evaluate CRP as a diagnostic marker to improve early detection and clinical management of ovarian carcinoma. CRP levels were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Statistical analysis was conducted to assess the differences in CRP levels between the ovarian carcinoma group and the ovarian cyst group. All statistical analyses were performed using the Statistical Program for Social Sciences (IBM SPSS 24, IL, USA). Most subjects in the study were 50 years old or younger (69%) and had ovarian carcinoma (67.8%). Age over 50 [odds ratio (OR) 5.71, p=0.01] and menopausal status (OR 4.72, p=0.01) were significant risk factors for ovarian carcinoma. No significant difference in CRP levels was found between ovarian carcinoma and ovarian cyst patients (p=0.23). Based on the results, CRP cannot be used as an effective predictor to differentiate ovarian carcinoma from ovarian cysts.
Altmetrics
Downloads
Download data is not yet available.
Citations
Peres LC, Mallen AR, Townsend MK, et al. High levels of C-reactive protein are associated with an increased risk of ovarian cancer: results from the ovarian cancer cohort consortium. Cancer Res 2019;79:5442-51. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-19-1554
Pietragalla A, Arcieri M, Marchetti C, et al. Ovarian cancer predisposition beyond BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2020;30:1803-10. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/ijgc-2020-001556
Peres LC, Cushing-Haugen KL, Anglesio M, et al. Histotype classification of ovarian carcinoma: a comparison of approaches. Gynecol Oncol 2018;151:53-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.08.016
Peres LC, Cushing-Haugen KL, Köbel M, et al. Invasive epithelial ovarian cancer survival by histotype and disease stage. J Natl Cancer Inst 2019;111:60-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djy071
Yang D, Li H, Sun X, et al. Clinical usefulness of high levels of C-reactive protein for diagnosing epithelial ovarian cancer. Sci Rep 2020;10:20056. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-77167-y
Wang Y, Zhang Z, Wang J, Zhang X. Association between C-reactive protein level and subsequent risk of ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis of 13 cohorts in 1,852 ovarian cancer patients. Medicine 2020;99:e18821. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000018821
King LA, Wentzensen N, Purdue MP, et al. Inflammatory markers in women with reported benign gynecologic pathology: an analysis of the prostate, lung, colorectal and ovarian cancer screening trial. Ann Epidemiol 2022;68:1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annepidem.2021.12.003
Pan Q, Wei M, Lu M, et al. The role of perioperative C-reactive protein in predicting the prognosis of epithelial ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Manag Res 2023;15:233-43. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2147/CMAR.S385974
Harper EI, Sheedy EF, Stack MS. With great age comes great metastatic ability: ovarian cancer and the appeal of the aging peritoneal microenvironment. Cancers 2018;10:230. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/cancers10070230
Ramirez J, Paris E, Basu S, Barua A. Age-associated molecular changes may predispose the ovary to malignant transformation leading to ovarian cancer (OVCA). Cancer Res 2023;83:A015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.AGCA22-A015
Ruth KS, Day FR, Hussain J, et al. Genetic insights into biological mechanisms governing human ovarian ageing. Nature 2021;596:393-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03779-7
Tesarik J, Galán-Lázaro M, Mendoza-Tesarik R. Ovarian aging: molecular mechanisms and medical management. Int J Mol Sci 2021;22:1371. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms22031371
Hemmingsen CH, Kjaer SK, Bennetsen AKK, et al. The association of reproductive factors with risk of non-epithelial ovarian cancer and comparison with serous ovarian cancer. Gynecol Oncol 2021;162:469-74. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.05.008
Lee AW, Rosenzweig S, Wiensch A, et al. Expanding our understanding of ovarian cancer risk: the role of incomplete pregnancies. J Natl Cancer Inst 2020;113:301-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djaa099
Toufakis V, Katuwal S, Pukkala E, Tapanainen J. Impact of parity on the incidence of ovarian cancer subtypes: a population-based case–control study. Acta Oncol 2021;60:850-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/0284186X.2021.1919754
Lundberg F, Iliadou A, Rodriguez-Wallberg K, et al. The risk of breast and gynecological cancer in women with a diagnosis of infertility: a nationwide population-based study. Eur J Epidemiol 2019;34:499-507. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10654-018-0474-9
Rizzuto I, Larsen-Disney P, Smith LA. Risk of ovarian cancer in women treated with ovarian stimulating drugs for infertility. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019;6:CD008215. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008215.pub3
Stewart L, Stewart C, Spilsbury K, et al. Association between pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy and the development of ovarian serous borderline tumor, mucinous borderline tumor and low-grade serous carcinoma. Gynecol Oncol 2020;156:611-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2020.01.027
Kamani MA, Akgor U, Gültekin M. Review of the literature on combined oral contraceptives and cancer. Ecancermedicalscience 2022;16:1416. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3332/ecancer.2022.1416
Phung MT, Webb P, Doherty J, et al. Abstract B38: use of progestin-only injectable contraceptive is associated with reduced risk of ovarian cancer in the ovarian cancer association consortium. Clin Cancer Res 2020;26:B38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1158/1557-3265.OVCA19-B38
Bryk S, Katuwal S, Haltia UM, et al. Parity, menopausal hormone therapy, and risk of ovarian granulosa cell tumor - A population-based case-control study. Gynecol Oncol 2021;163:593-7. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ygyno.2021.09.013
Singla A. Epidemiology and risk factors for ovarian cancer. In: Mehta S, Singla A, eds. Preventive oncology for the gynecologist. Singapore: Springer Singapore; 2019. pp 223-31. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3438-2_17
Trabert B, Michels K, Anderson G, et al. Circulating androgens and postmenopausal ovarian cancer risk in the women’s health initiative observational study. Int J Cancer 2019;145:2051-60. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.32157
Budiana ING, Angelina M, Pemayun TGA. Ovarian cancer: pathogenesis and current recommendations for prophylactic surgery. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2019;20:47-54. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2018.2018.0119
Dunneram Y, Greenwood DC, Cade JE. Diet, menopause and the risk of ovarian, endometrial and breast cancer. Proc Nutr Soc 2019;78:438-48. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0029665118002884
Książek K. Where does cellular senescence belong in the pathophysiology of ovarian cancer? Semin Cancer Biol 2022;81:14-23. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.11.021
Li J, Jiao X, Yuan Z, et al. C-reactive protein and risk of ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine 2017;96:e7822. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000007822
How to Cite
C-reactive protein as a diagnostic marker for ovarian carcinoma. (2025). Italian Journal of Medicine, 19(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/itjm.2025.1819
Copyright (c) 2025 the Author(s)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
PAGEPress has chosen to apply the Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC 4.0) to all manuscripts to be published.
Similar Articles
- Sirio Fiorino, Letizia Bacchi-Reggiani, Laura Pontoriero, Claudio Gallo, Elisabetta Chili, Michele Masetti, Nicola Zanini, Anna Grondona, Tania Silvestri, Gaia Deleonardi, Elisabetta Magrini, Roberto Motta, Adele Fornelli, Arrigo Bondi, Dario De Biase, Paola Baccarini, Giovanni Tallini, Antonio Tropeano, Andrea Cuppini, Gastone Castellani, Elio Jovine, Pancreatic carcinoma development: new etiological and pathogenetic evidence , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 7 No. 4 (2013)
- Daria Macchioni, Giuseppe Chesi, Luca Cottafavi, Paola Loria, Amedeo Lonardo, Mauro Maurantonio, Use of procalcitonin for the differential diagnosis of fever in cancer patients: an observational study , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 7 No. 3 (2013)
- Cristina Cenci, Tea Restuccia, Paola Gnerre, Irene Chiti, Laura Betti, Milena Micati, Claudio Tana, The management of the patient with acute pancreatitis: from evidence to clinical practice , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 11 No. 3 (2017)
- Maria Rita Poggiano, Sara Ciarla, Paola Gnerre, Anna Roberts, Laura Magni, Laura Morbidoni, Ada Maffettone, Antonella Paradiso, Massimo Rondana, Anna Maria Schimizzi, Roberto Risicato, The management of the patient with malnutrition: from evidence to clinical practice , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 11 No. 2 (2017)
- Aurelio Seidita, Delia Sprini, Accursia Bongiovì, Tiziana Catalano, Filippo Barbiera, Maria Accardi, Pasquale Mansueto, Antonio Carroccio, Portal vein thrombosis and Budd-Chiari syndrome as onset of polycythemia vera , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 7 No. 3 (2013)
- Fulvio Pomero, Roberta Re, Michele Meschi, Domenico Montemurro, Laura Spadafora, Valentina Borretta, Monica Zampogna, Annalisa Marchetti, Mariangela Di Lillo, Daniela Tirotta, Chiara Bozzano, Micaela La Regina, Paola Gnerre, Approach to leg edema , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 11 No. 3 (2017)
- Filomena Pietrantonio, Margherita Lordi, Fabio Vinci, Elena Alessi, Matteo Pascucci, Michela Delli Castelli, Antonio Vinci, Enrica Cipriano, Francesco Rosiello, Angela Ciamei, Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis, an emerging disease in internal medicine departments with a generally poor prognosis: two case reports , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 18 No. 2 (2024)
- Claudio Puoti, Maria Giuseppa Elmo, Use of ursodeoxycholic acid in patients with hypertransaminasemia , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 8 No. 3 (2014)
- Massimo L'Andolina, Giovanni Forte, Norma M. Marigliano, Salvatore Galasso, Francesca Mazzei, Domenico Galasso, Present and future management of anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody associated vasculitis: how therapy changed the prognosis , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 7 No. 1 (2013)
- CO27 | Pseudomonas aeruginosa MDR strain bacteraemia successfully treated with piperacillin/tazobactam: when beta-lactam continuous infusion, therapeutic drug monitoring and fosfomycin combination make everything easier , Italian Journal of Medicine: Vol. 19 No. 1(s1) (2025): XXX FADOI Italian Congress | 10-12 May 2025
1-10 of 291
Next
You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.